ASIDE Health Sciences
type: channel
description: The ASIDE Health Sciences Journal , a publication of the American Society for Inclusion, Diversity, and Equity in Healthcare (ASIDE), is dedicated to advancing the fields of healthcare through a lens of diversity, equity, and inclusion. This peer-reviewed, open-access journal publishes a wide range of research articles, reviews, and clinical studies that focus on innovative healthcare solutions, the impact of social determinants on health outcomes, and strategies for enhancing accessibility to medical services for marginalized populations. With a commitment to fostering a more inclusive healthcare environment, the journal serves as a pivotal platform for medical professionals, researchers, and educators worldwide to share insights and discoveries that can lead to more equitable health practices and policies.
publisher: American Society for Inclusion, Diversity, and Equity in Healthcare (ASIDE)
language: en
publication name: ASIDE Health Sciences
issn: 3067-8730
items: Quality of sepsis management in the Emergency Department at Goulburn Valley Health, Victoria, Australia: A Retrospective Audit
items: Socio-Cultural Determinants of Access to HIV Treatment and Care Among Pregnant and Postpartum People: A Systematic Review Protocol
items: Improving Compliance with the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) in an Egyptian Central Hospital Emergency Department: A Two-Cycle Clinical Audit
items: Environmental Monitoring in a Class D Pharmaceutical Facility: Microbial Load and Hygiene Practices, a Risk-Based Cross-Sectional Study
items: Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Extremely Large Uteri: A Systematic Review
items: Near-miss Osteomyelitis in an Immunosuppressed Crohn’s Disease Patient: Diagnostic Vigilance Sparked by a Medical Student
items: Aqueous Basella alba Mitigates Cyclosporine-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats: Relevance in Adjuvant Therapy
items: Dual versus Single Ovulation Triggers in In Vitro Fertilization and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
items: Comparative Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cetrimide, Dettol, and Lizol Against Six Different Microbial Species on Epoxy-Coated Pharmaceutical Surfaces Using Surface Challenge Method
items: Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Behavioral Lifestyle Assessment Tool: A Methodological Case Study with Graduate-Level Women

Quality of sepsis management in the Emergency Department at Goulburn Valley Health, Victoria, Australia: A Retrospective Audit
type: item
description: Background: This audit aims to assess the care of sepsis at Goulburn Valley Health by comparing current practice with national benchmarks and the local sepsis protocol. The secondary objectives explore relationships between different clinical factors and sepsis care to provide insights that may guide future studies. Method: The audit was conducted in the Emergency Department at Goulburn Valley Hospital in Shepparton. It involved a retrospective review of both electronic and paper medical records for patients diagnosed with sepsis. Included participants were patients admitted with sepsis or septic shock between January 1, 2023, and March 31, 2023. Key measurements included adherence to the local sepsis pathway, time from triage to intravenous fluids, time from triage to intravenous antibiotics, and compliance with the electronic Therapeutic Guidelines (eTG) for initial treatment. Additional measurements included time from triage to blood cultures, lactate trends, and adequacy of fluid resuscitation. Results: The median time from triage to fluid resuscitation was 51 minutes (IQR 32–91.5). The median time from triage to antimicrobial infusion was 68 minutes (IQR 48–117). Overall, 59% of patients received appropriate antimicrobial coverage, while 41% did not. Conclusion: The median infusion times compared favorably with the national pilot under the definitions used; however, differences in time-zero definitions, selection criteria, and a small sample size limit direct comparison. A notable proportion of patients did not receive appropriate antimicrobial coverage. Based on these findings, improvements in sepsis management are recommended, including implementing a sepsis bundle dashboard and strengthening antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Sepsis
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality improvement
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Audit
  topic: keywords
subject: Sepsis management
  topic: subjects
subject: Emergency Department care
  topic: subjects
subject: Antimicrobial therapy
  topic: subjects
subject: Fluid resuscitation
  topic: subjects
subject: Clinical audit
  topic: subjects
subject: Sepsis protocol compliance
  topic: subjects
subject: Triage-to-treatment time
  topic: subjects
subject: Blood culture collection
  topic: subjects
subject: Lactate monitoring
  topic: subjects
subject: Regional hospital healthcare
  topic: subjects
subject: Emergency Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Critical Care Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical Epidemiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Public Health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Health Services Research
  topic: disciplines
subject: Infectious Diseases
  topic: disciplines
subject: Hospital Quality Improvement
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical Governance
  topic: disciplines
subject: Medical Audit
  topic: disciplines
subject: Evidence-Based Medicine
  topic: disciplines
creator: Jahin Ahmed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-27
publication date: 2025-11-27
starting page: 28
ending page: 34
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.112725241

Socio-Cultural Determinants of Access to HIV Treatment and Care Among Pregnant and Postpartum People: A Systematic Review Protocol
type: item
description: Introduction: HIV-related maternal mortality remains high in many low-resource settings despite global declines. Lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves maternal and child outcomes, yet ART initiation, retention, and adherence remain suboptimal during pregnancy and postpartum. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and structural determinants influence linkage to care and viral suppression, but evidence describing their impact across the perinatal continuum remains fragmented. This review will synthesize these determinants through an equity lens using the PROGRESS-Plus framework, and reporting will follow PRISMA-E 2012 guidelines. Methods and Analysis: This protocol follows PRISMA-E 2012 guidelines and is registered with PROSPERO (CRD420250650979). A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases for studies published from January 2012 to May 2025. Eligible designs will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies evaluating HIV testing, ART initiation, retention in care, and viral suppression in relation to socio-cultural, economic, behavioral, or health system factors. The PECO framework will be used (Population: pregnant/postpartum individuals with HIV ; Exposure: social/structural determinants; Comparator: not exposed; Outcomes: HIV care cascade indicators). Postpartum will be defined as up to 12 months after delivery, and adolescents aged 15–17 years will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen studies using Rayyan. Quality will be assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted when feasible. Qualitative findings will undergo thematic synthesis; mixed-methods results will be integrated narratively. Ethics and dissemination: Approval is not required as this review uses publicly available data. Findings will be submitted for publication, presented at guideline meetings, and shared at scientific conferences.
subject: Study Protocol
  topic: section
subject: Socio-cultural barriers
  topic: keywords
subject: Postpartum
  topic: keywords
subject: Pregnancy
  topic: keywords
subject: HIV/AIDS
  topic: keywords
subject: Antiretroviral therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-cultural determinants
  topic: subjects
subject: HIV treatment access
  topic: subjects
subject: Pregnant people with HIV
  topic: subjects
subject: Postpartum HIV care
  topic: subjects
subject: Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
  topic: subjects
subject: HIV care cascade
  topic: subjects
subject: Viral suppression
  topic: subjects
subject: PMTCT
  topic: subjects
subject: Barriers to ART adherence
  topic: subjects
subject: Health system determinants
  topic: subjects
subject: Public health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Maternal and child health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Infectious diseases
  topic: disciplines
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Global health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Health disparities
  topic: disciplines
subject: Reproductive health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Social determinants of health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Health policy and management
  topic: disciplines
subject: Systematic review methodology
  topic: disciplines
creator: Hania Fatima
creator: Sarim Raheel
creator: Zulfiqar Haider Jogezai
creator: Eeshah Nasir
creator: Muskaan Abdul Qadir
creator: Omar Irfan
creator: Armaghan-e-Rehman Mansoor
creator: Nosheen Nasir
creator: Syed Faisal Mahmood
creator: Ayesha Rashid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-21
publication date: 2025-11-21
starting page: 22
ending page: 27
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.112125176

Improving Compliance with the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) in an Egyptian Central Hospital Emergency Department: A Two-Cycle Clinical Audit
type: item
description: Background: NEWS2 is a standardized assessment tool used to determine illness severity and identify patients at risk of deterioration. However, its effectiveness is limited by systemic barriers. This audit primarily aims to evaluate NEWS2 compliance in an emergency department and implement targeted interventions to address recognized gaps. Methods: A two-cycle clinical audit was conducted at ShubraKhit Central Hospital's ED over a period of three weeks. Cycle 1 (August 18–25, 2025) established a baseline by assessing vital sign documentation, NEWS2 calculation, and escalation practices in 50 patients. The analysis of the root causes successfully identified the key barriers. Targeted interventions were implemented. Cycle 2 (September 1–8, 2025) re-audited the other 50 patients to evaluate the impact of the intervention. Data were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests as appropriate, with effect sizes and 95% CIs. Results: Cycle 1 showed serious and critical drawbacks, with only 2% of patients having a complete set of vital signs documented, and NEWS2 calculated in only 2% of cases. The primary barriers were a lack of equipment (96%) and a 100% lack of awareness of the escalation protocol. Following the suitable intervention, Cycle 2 demonstrated a significant improvement, with 100% of patients having all vital signs documented, and NEWS2 calculated in 96% of cases. Conclusions: A targeted intervention focuses on addressing specific root causes, leading to compliance with the NEWS2 scoring system. This ensures that evidence-based quality improvement can bridge the gap between clinical guidelines and practice.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Clinical Audit
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency Department (ED)
  topic: keywords
subject: Vital Signs Monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2)
  topic: keywords
subject: Triage
  topic: keywords
subject: National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2)
  topic: subjects
subject: Vital Signs Monitoring
  topic: subjects
subject: Emergency Department Triage
  topic: subjects
subject: Clinical Audit
  topic: subjects
subject: Patient Deterioration Detection
  topic: subjects
subject: Escalation Protocols
  topic: subjects
subject: Quality Improvement Intervention
  topic: subjects
subject: Early Warning Systems
  topic: subjects
subject: Acute Care Assessment
  topic: subjects
subject: Compliance Improvement
  topic: subjects
subject: Emergency Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical Governance
  topic: disciplines
subject: Health Services Research
  topic: disciplines
subject: Quality Improvement in Healthcare
  topic: disciplines
subject: Patient Safety
  topic: disciplines
subject: Acute and Critical Care
  topic: disciplines
subject: Hospital Management
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical Epidemiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Medical Education & Training
  topic: disciplines
subject: Healthcare Systems Management
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anas Al-Qatefy
creator: Mostafa Darwish
creator: Abdalrhman Tolba
creator: Amira Taman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 15
ending page: 21
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.112025307

Environmental Monitoring in a Class D Pharmaceutical Facility: Microbial Load and Hygiene Practices, a Risk-Based Cross-Sectional Study
type: item
description: Background: Environmental monitoring is a crucial current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) tool for assessing the status of the working environment in a Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Facility. Methods: The test was conducted between May 20 and 25, 2025. 90 mm Diameter Settle Plates methods, 4 hours exposure under dynamic conditions, were used as a test method to study the microbial load in controlled and classified areas. The finger dab test was used to assess hygiene and sanitization practices in the plant. The non-viable count was excluded from the study due to limitations, including a lack of facilities for conducting the tests. Result: The result of the environmental monitoring test was below 100 colony-forming units (CFU) in the rooms. The mean value of Total Aerobic Microbial Count and Total Yeast and Mold Count shows a higher microbial count at the Near Return air loop. The p-value of Total aerobic microbial count and Total Yeast and Mold Count was found to be 0.8685 and 0.8716, respectively. The result is not significant at p<0.05. The result of the Finger dab test was below 100 CFU/5 fingerprints in both hands and complies with the internal action limit. Conclusion: The result of the study suggests that the higher load of organisms was found at the “near return loop area”. The result of the Finger dab test was satisfactory according to the in-house limit (100 CFU). The result can serve as a basis for selecting a sample spot for regular Environmental Monitoring in a Manufacturing Facility.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Environment Monitoring Test
  topic: keywords
subject: Near Return Air Loop
  topic: keywords
subject: Clean rooms
  topic: keywords
subject: Finger Dab Test
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental monitoring
  topic: subjects
subject: Pharmaceutical cleanroom
  topic: subjects
subject: Class D facility
  topic: subjects
subject: Microbial load
  topic: subjects
subject: Finger dab test
  topic: subjects
subject: Settle plate method
  topic: subjects
subject: Risk-based assessment
  topic: subjects
subject: Near return air loop
  topic: subjects
subject: Hygiene practices
  topic: subjects
subject: Cross-sectional study
  topic: subjects
subject: Pharmaceutical microbiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
  topic: disciplines
subject: Cleanroom validation
  topic: disciplines
subject: Sterility assurance
  topic: disciplines
subject: Quality control
  topic: disciplines
subject: Microbial risk assessment
  topic: disciplines
subject: Industrial hygiene
  topic: disciplines
subject: Environmental health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Biocontamination control
  topic: disciplines
subject: Pharmaceutical quality systems
  topic: disciplines
creator: Shrawan Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-07
publication date: 2025-10-07
starting page: 8
ending page: 14
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.100725170

Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Extremely Large Uteri: A Systematic Review
type: item
description: Introduction: Hysterectomy for very large uteri is technically challenging and often requires open surgery. Minimally invasive approaches, such as robotic and laparoscopic techniques, provide alternatives, but their comparative safety and effectiveness for extremely large uteri remain uncertain. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. “PubMed and Scopus were searched through June 2025 using predefined keywords (e.g., ‘hysterectomy,’ ‘robotic,’ ‘robot-assisted,’ ‘laparoscopic,’ ‘uterus,’ ‘large,’ ‘enlarged,’ ‘size,’ ‘weight’); no prospective or randomized trials were identified.” for studies comparing robotic and laparoscopic hysterectomy in women with large or extremely large uteri Results: Robotic hysterectomy (RH) showed advantages in selected outcomes for extremely large uteri. One study reported a 70-minute reduction in operative time with RH for uteri >1000 g. RH was also associated with lower conversion rates (0–4.3%) compared to laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) (5.3–10.9%). In moderately large uteri (~500–750 g), RH reduced hemoglobin drops but had longer operative times. Complication rates were generally low, although ureteral injury was more frequent with RH in two studies. Length of hospital stay was similar across approaches. Conclusion: Robotic hysterectomy may offer clinical and economic advantages over conventional laparoscopy for extremely large uteri but the impact of surgical experience should be carefully considered. Limitations include the retrospective design of all four cohorts, small sample sizes, the absence of randomized trials, and clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluding meta-analysis.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Gynecologic surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Laparoscopic hysterectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Minimally invasive surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Robotic hysterectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Laparoscopic
  topic: subjects
subject: Hysterectomy
  topic: subjects
subject: Uterus
  topic: subjects
subject: Robotic hysterectomy
  topic: subjects
subject: Laparoscopic hysterectomy
  topic: subjects
subject: Large uterus
  topic: subjects
subject: Extremely large uterus
  topic: subjects
subject: Uterine fibroids
  topic: subjects
subject: Minimally invasive surgery
  topic: subjects
subject: Operative outcomes
  topic: subjects
subject: Surgical complications
  topic: subjects
subject: Conversion to laparotomy
  topic: subjects
subject: Cost-effectiveness in gynecologic surgery
  topic: subjects
subject: Gynecology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Obstetrics and Gynecology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Reproductive health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Women’s health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery
  topic: disciplines
subject: Surgical oncology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Health sciences
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Surgical technology and innovation
  topic: disciplines
subject: Evidence-based medicine
  topic: disciplines
creator: Arwa Mohamed Amer Ibrahim
creator: Mohamed Wagdy
creator: Fathia Ghaleb Rabah Elatrash
creator: Hana Smeda
creator: Asem Mohammad Abedalqader Qannas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-27
publication date: 2025-09-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.092725174

Near-miss Osteomyelitis in an Immunosuppressed Crohn’s Disease Patient: Diagnostic Vigilance Sparked by a Medical Student
type: item
description: Crohn's disease (CD) patients on immunosuppressive therapy are at increased risk of infections, including osteomyelitis, which could be diagnostically challenging. This case highlights the importance of medical student vigilance in making a near-miss diagnosis of osteomyelitis in a CD patient. A 56-year-old CD patient developed left shoulder pain following localized muscle injection and was initially managed as a soft-tissue abscess. The condition worsened despite 21 days of antibiotics. Investigation: Cultures were positive for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Persistent pain and new neurologic complaints prompted an MRI (T1 hypointensity, T2-STIR hyperintensity, post-contrast enhancement) at 60 days, in support of osteomyelitis without bone biopsy. Management/Outcome: The patient received 6 weeks of intravenous vancomycin (1 g every 12 hours), followed by oral antibiotics, resulting in partial relief of pain (pain score: 8/10 to 4/10) and improvement in shoulder function (Constant-Murley score: 30 to 65 at 3 months). Immunotherapy (adalimumab) was restarted after infection control. This case highlights three practical lessons: maintaining a low threshold for advanced imaging in immunosuppressed patients with persistent pain; incorporating diagnostic time-outs to invite trainee perspectives; and seeking early infectious-disease consultation when osteomyelitis is suspected.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Crohn Disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Osteomyelitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Staphylococcus aureus
  topic: keywords
subject: Diagnostic Errors
  topic: keywords
subject: Medical Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Crohn’s disease
  topic: subjects
subject: Osteomyelitis
  topic: subjects
subject: Staphylococcus aureus
  topic: subjects
subject: Immunosuppressio
  topic: subjects
subject: Injection-site abscess
  topic: subjects
subject: Musculoskeletal manifestations
  topic: subjects
subject: Diagnostic errors
  topic: subjects
subject: Clinical reasoning
  topic: subjects
subject: Medical education
  topic: subjects
subject: Case report
  topic: subjects
subject: Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Gastroenterology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Infectious diseases
  topic: disciplines
subject: Orthopedics
  topic: disciplines
subject: Radiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Immunology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Microbiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical education
  topic: disciplines
subject: Patient safety
  topic: disciplines
subject: Internal medicine
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abbas Al Bazzal
creator: Aya Kawssan
creator: Atef Akoum
creator: Dayana Majid Kamar
creator: Mohammad Ali Mtairek
creator: Hiba Hamdar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
starting page: 33
ending page: 37
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.092525225

Aqueous Basella alba Mitigates Cyclosporine-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats: Relevance in Adjuvant Therapy
type: item
description: Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressant agent that is usually considered as a first-line therapy against organ rejection after a transplant procedure. However, its administration is often associated with nephrotoxicity and a compromise of kidney function. There is a paucity of literature on the effects of aqueous Basella alba leaf extract (ABALE) in this condition. This study aimed to bridge the knowledge gap. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each, such that the experimental groups received graded doses of ABALE at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, and 400mg/kg for 21 consecutive days, after inducing nephrotocity with CsA at 20mg/kg/day (i.p). Results: Treatment with ABALE resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and elevated plasma markers of kidney dysfunction, with the highest dose showing the greatest protective effect (p < 0.05). Histological analysis of the kidneys also revealed near-normal architecture following ABALE treatment, while CsA administration was associated with marked vacuolation of the kidney interstitium and glomerular atrophy. However, no significant difference was observed between the untreated recovery group and the nephrotoxicity model group. Conclusion: ABALE mitigated cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity by suppressing plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and restoring antioxidant balance. These findings suggest that the extract may serve as a promising adjuvant therapy in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Cyclosporin
  topic: keywords
subject: Nephrotoxicity
  topic: keywords
subject: Basella alba
  topic: keywords
subject: Pro-inflammatory pathway
  topic: keywords
subject: Oxidative stress
  topic: keywords
subject: Nephrotoxicity
  topic: subjects
subject: Cyclosporin-induced kidney injury
  topic: subjects
subject: Oxidative stress
  topic: subjects
subject: Pro-inflammatory cytokines
  topic: subjects
subject: Antioxidant biomarkers
  topic: subjects
subject: Kidney histology
  topic: subjects
subject: Immunosuppressant toxicity
  topic: subjects
subject: Plant-based therapeutics
  topic: subjects
subject: Transplant-related complications
  topic: subjects
subject: Experimental animal models
  topic: subjects
subject: Anatomy
  topic: disciplines
subject: Pharmacology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Physiology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Nephrology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Toxicology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Pharmacognosy
  topic: disciplines
subject: Biochemistry
  topic: disciplines
subject: Pathology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Immunology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Veterinary Science
  topic: disciplines
subject: Translational Medicin
  topic: disciplines
creator: Imafidon Christian Eseigbe
creator: Oke Oluwamayowa Gracious
creator: Ojo-Ayangoke Esther Opeyemi
creator: Ademoye Aderonke Kehinde
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
starting page: 27
ending page: 32
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.090325203

Dual versus Single Ovulation Triggers in In Vitro Fertilization and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
type: item
description: Background: Infertility remains a significant global health concern. Optimizing hormonal triggers, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, is crucial to enhance reproductive outcomes. We aim to evaluate and compare the reproductive success rates of dual trigger protocols (HCG + GnRH agonist) versus HCG alone in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (IVF/ICSI). Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published up to January 2025. Studies comparing reproductive outcomes in women undergoing IVF/ICSI who received either dual trigger (HCG + GnRH agonist) or HCG alone were included. Data were analyzed using RevMan version 5.4 and R Studio version 4.4.1. The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcomes included live birth rate, fertilization rate, and embryo quality metrics. Results: Seventeen studies with a total of 2,239 women were included: 1,118 in the dual trigger group and1,121in the HCG onlygroup.Thedualtriggergroupshowedsignificantlybetteroutcomesinterms of total oocytes retrieved, fertilized oocytes, follicles >15mm on trigger day, viable embryos, two pronuclei (2PN) formation, clinical pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, live birth rate, good quality embryos, and fertilization rate. Conclusions Dual triggering with HCG and GnRH agonist appears to significantly enhance reproductive outcomes compared to HCG alone in women undergoing IVF or ICSI. These findings support the broader adoption of dual trigger protocols in assisted reproductive practice.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: In Vitro fertilization (IVF)
  topic: keywords
subject: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
  topic: keywords
subject: human chorionic gonadotropin hormones (HCG)
  topic: keywords
subject: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
  topic: keywords
subject: reproductive
  topic: keywords
subject: Dual trigger
  topic: keywords
subject: Ovulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Fertilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Infertility
  topic: keywords
subject: In vitro fertilization (IVF)
  topic: subjects
subject: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
  topic: subjects
subject: Dual trigger
  topic: subjects
subject: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
  topic: subjects
subject: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist)
  topic: subjects
subject: Ovulation trigger
  topic: subjects
subject: Fertility treatment
  topic: subjects
subject: Reproductive outcomes
  topic: subjects
subject: Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
  topic: subjects
subject: Systematic review and meta-analysis
  topic: subjects
subject: Reproductive Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Obstetrics and Gynecology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Endocrinology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Infertility Research
  topic: disciplines
subject: Clinical Nursing
  topic: disciplines
subject: Biomedical Sciences
  topic: disciplines
subject: Assisted Reproductive Technology
  topic: disciplines
subject: Public Health
  topic: disciplines
subject: Evidence-Based Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Women’s Health
  topic: disciplines
creator: Enas Ewais
creator: Mohamed Wagdy
creator: Asmaa Eltobgy
creator: Eman N. Metwally
creator: Ahmed S. Mohamed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-02
publication date: 2025-09-02
starting page: 17
ending page: 26
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.090225155

Comparative Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cetrimide, Dettol, and Lizol Against Six Different Microbial Species on Epoxy-Coated Pharmaceutical Surfaces Using Surface Challenge Method
type: item
description: Introduction: Disinfectants are vital in the pharmaceutical industry's sanitization process and contamination control programs. However, many pharmaceutical companies lack systematic policies for selecting appropriate disinfectants, often relying solely on manufacturer claims, which may not always be reliable. The complexity of existing disinfectant testing methods further complicates proper evaluation, highlighting the need for practical, efficient approaches. Methods: This study used a simple surface challenge method to mimic real-world pharmaceutical conditions to test disinfectant efficacy. Three disinfectants, 1% Cetrimide, 2.5% Dettol, and 2% Lizol, were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The test organisms included E. coli ATCC 8739, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25619, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and an environmental isolate (Bacillus spp.). All testing was conducted on epoxy-coated floors within pharmaceutical industry premises. Results: All three disinfectants demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. After a 20-minute contact time, each disinfectant achieved a ≥6-log reduction in test organisms. The comparative evaluation indicated that 1% Cetrimide exhibited superior antimicrobial effectiveness compared to 2.5% Dettol and 2% Lizol. Conclusions: The surface challenge method offers a practical approach for assessing disinfectant efficacy under pharmaceutical conditions. Among the disinfectants tested, 1% Cetrimide provided the most effective microbial reduction, suggesting its suitability for contamination control in pharmaceutical environments.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Disinfectants
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficacy test
  topic: keywords
subject: Contact Time
  topic: keywords
subject: Log reduction
  topic: keywords
subject: American Type Culture Collection
  topic: keywords
subject: Disinfectants
  topic: subjects
subject: Antimicrobial efficacy
  topic: subjects
subject: Surface challenge test
  topic: subjects
subject: Pharmaceutical manufacturingv
  topic: subjects
subject: Contamination control
  topic: subjects
subject: Cetrimide
  topic: subjects
subject: Dettol
  topic: subjects
subject: Lizol
  topic: subjects
subject: Microbial reduction
  topic: subjects
subject: Cleanroom sanitization
  topic: subjects
creator: Shrawan Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-11
publication date: 2025-06-11
starting page: 12
ending page: 16
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.010125115

Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Behavioral Lifestyle Assessment Tool: A Methodological Case Study with Graduate-Level Women
type: item
description: Introduction: Obesity in adults remains a pressing public health issue in the United States, closely linked to modifiable behaviors such as diet, physical activity, stress, sleep, and substance use. This study aimed to develop and pilot a brief, multidimensional assessment tool to identify lifestyle risk factors associated with obesity and inform future prevention efforts. Methods: A 30-item Behavioral Lifestyle Risk Assessment (BLRA) survey was developed to measure six domains: physical activity, diet, screen time, sleep, stress, and substance use. The survey was administered online via Microsoft Forms to a purposive sample of six adults. The small sample size was intentionally selected based on cognitive interviewing methodology, which recommends 5–10 participants for early-stage instrument clarity and feasibility testing. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize behavioral patterns and survey usability. Results: All six participants (100% female, aged 18–33) completed the survey without missing data or technical issues. Half reported low physical activity (1–2 days/week), 33% consumed fewer than two servings of fruits and vegetables daily, and another 33% had screen time exceeding eight hours daily. All participants reported moderate to high stress; 83% consumed alcohol, and 17% reported tobacco use. The average survey completion time was 6.8 minutes (SD = 0.6), with positive feedback on clarity and flow. Conclusion: Pilot findings suggest the BLRA is a feasible and user-friendly tool for assessing obesity-related behavioral risks. Broader testing in larger, diverse populations is recommended to validate its public health application.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Adult obesity
  topic: keywords
subject: behavioral risk assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: lifestyle factors
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subject: pilot study
  topic: keywords
subject: survey instrument
  topic: keywords
subject: United States
  topic: keywords
subject: Adult obesity
  topic: subjects
subject: behavioral risk assessment
  topic: subjects
subject: lifestyle factors
  topic: subjects
subject: pilot study
  topic: subjects
subject: survey instrument
  topic: subjects
subject: United States
  topic: subjects
subject: Internal Medicine
  topic: disciplines
subject: Public Health
  topic: disciplines
creator: Md Rakibul Hasan
creator: Andrew Harrison
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ASIDE Health Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.71079/ASIDE.HS.01012595